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It's a Gas! A gas of electrons and positively charged holes is electrically conducting when they act independently but insulating when they're bound as "excitons." Researchers trap electron-hole gases in quantum wells and zap them with ultrashort flashes of infrared radiation to watch them change from insulators to conductors and back again. The Birth of VENUS Superconducting VENUS has the world's most powerful magnetic confinement system for an electron-cyclotron resonance ion source. By creating plasmas with very high-frequency microwaves, VENUS is poised to set records for beam intensity and heavy-ion charge states, including high-current beams of uranium plus-55 and higher. More Than Symbolic Savings |
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